TDA-IME Project Final Report June, 2013 76 ICM Participation Zonation Consultation Organisation Negotiation Agreement Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation The four steps are: 1) consultation and organization - this step will end with the formal establishment of a resource user group; 2) a series of negotiation meetings - these will end with a formal agreement between the local authorities and the resource users; 3) implementation of the agreement; and 4) monitoring and evaluation (adaptive management or “learning by doing”). Note: this is both a step in the process and at the same time, a principle of co-management. In addition to the four steps four key principles must be applied during the co-management process. These are the guiding principles which apply to co-management in general, but care must be taken to account for site-specific differences both in terms of soci-economy and ecology. Everything has to happen within the framework of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach, and whatever is done must be done in a participatory way (Participation) following four steps. Zonation of the forest into areas in which different management regimes are applied increases the effectiveness of management and protection. FIGURE 4: Overview of the four steps of the co-management process and the four key principles. Potential for transboundary implementation It is important to note that the mangrove co-management principles and process described above, and the co-management case studies from Viet Nam and Cambodia provided in annexes 2 and 3, are essentially village level approaches to natural resource management
Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis of Indochina Mangrove Ecosystems
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