Phytochemical analysis It has been suggested that phytochemical extracts from plants holds promises to be used in allopathic medicine as they are potential sources of antiviral, antitumoral and antimicrobial agents (Nair, Kalariya & Chanda, 2005). The phytochemical screening of the extracts have shown the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, phytosterols, saponins and fixed oil. The yield potentials are listed in Table 3. Qualitative analysis of phtytochemicals from crude leaves extracts of Acacia nilotica subsp. indica, Allium stracheyi and Naravelia zeylanica (Table 4). Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid content (TFC) The quantifications have revealed the amount of phenolics and flavonoids present (Table 5). Gallic acid was used as standard for quantifying phenolics (standard graph equation: y= .018 x-.0004, r²= .999). Quercetin was used as a standard for quantifying flavonoids (standard graph equation: y= .001x- .0002, r²= .999). Values have been represented as mean ± Standard devation. In all the experimental plants ethanol extract was found to contain maximum flavonoids as well as maximum phenolics. Similar studies have revealed that four different varieties of Allium cepa contain total phenolics from 4.6 mg/gm to 74.1 mg/gm (Prakash et al., 2007). Similar studies of Picrorhiza kurroa, an important medicinal plant, have revealed the maximum total flavonoids content (Kalaivani et al. 2010a). DPPH radical scavenging activity DPPH radical scavenging activity IC50 for crude leaves extracts of Acacia nilotica subsp. indica, Allium stracheyi and Naravelia zeylanica (Table 6). In all the cases ethnolic extract IC50 value was observed effective. In biological systems, different reactive oxygen species might be generated which can have different kinds of target molecules including lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. These different kinds of target molecules are the results of various kinds of mechanisms. Thus it is very important to evaluate the antioxidant Table 6 DPPH radical scavenging assay of different crude extracts obtained from leaves of A. nilotica, Allium stracheyi and Naraveloa zeylanica Extract IC50 (g/ml) Acacia nilotica sub sp. indica Allium stracheyi Naravelia zeylanica PE >500 >500 218.3 BEN >500 >500 - BUT - >500 - DCM >500 - - CF 225.7 - 340.4 EAC - 332.1 260.4 ETH 6.5 27.6 87.4 ACT - - 180.3 AQ >500 >500 110.2 PE: Petroleum ether; BEN: Benzene; BUT: Butanol; CF: Chloroform; DCM: Dichloromethane; EAC: Ethyl acetate; ETH: Ethanol; ACT: Acetone; AQ: Water Proceedings of the International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the 113 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
Proceedings of International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals : Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016 at the Sirindhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
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