In Form 5 syllabus, Learning Area of Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things under the theme Man and the Variety of Living Things, there are topics that related to biodiversity i.e. the classification of microorganisms, and useful of microorganisms. This topic debated species diversity as the biodiversity elements on living things. Through the classification of microorganisms students will be able to list the characteristics of various types of microorganisms; classify microorganisms into bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses and algae; and describe the characteristics of each group of microorganisms. While through knowledge about useful microorganisms students will be able to state examples of uses of microorganisms; explain with examples the roles of useful microorganisms; suggest potential uses of microorganisms in various fields (MOE, 2006). Biology Form 4 Syllabus also has topics related to biodiversity of the Learning Area 1 Dynamic Ecosystem under theme ‘Investigating the Relationship between Living Things and the Environment’. Living things and the environment can be categorised as ecosystem diversity. It includes the abiotic and biotic components of the environment; the processes of colonisation and succession in an ecosystem; and ideas on population ecology. In this Learning Area, students will able to identify, classify, explain the component of an ecosystem; processes that involve in ecosystem; determine the distribution of organisms based density, frequency and percentage; and correlate the change in population distribution of an organism with the changes in each of the abiotic factors (MOE, 2005). Biodiversity in Geography Curriculum The term ‘biodiversity’ did not appear in the Geography syllabus for Form 1 to Form 4. However, there are number of themes and specific topics related to biodiversity. Under the theme ‘Natural Vegetation and Wildlife’ in Form 1 syllabus, there are topics on type and distribution of natural vegetation (tropical rainforest, mangrove forest, coastal forest, and mountain forest) and wildlife, factors that affect a variety of natural vegetation growth (Malaysia and in other places such as Sahara, Siberia, Mediterranean and tropical monsoon), the importance of natural vegetation, the impact of human activities on the natural vegetation and wildlife, and preservation and conservation of natural vegetation and wildlife (MOE, 2001a). Natural vegetation and wildlife is an ecosystem diversity. In Geography Form 2, there are few topics that relate to biodiversity elements. For example, in Dynamic Population theme, there is a topic that discuss the effect of dynamic population towards the environment. Under this topic, student analyse the impact of human activities towards the environment such as deforestation can be harmful towards the forest ecosystem and destroy the habitat for variety of species in the forest. This topic discussed two elements of biodiversity which are ecosystem diversity and species diversity (Kementeri-an Pelajaran Malaysia, 2001b). While in Geography Form 3, there are themes and topics that contains the biodiversity elements. Although, the term ‘biodiversity’ does not appear in the syllabus, the concept of biodiversity has been taught in the subject. In theme ‘Resource’ there is a topic of ‘Forest Resource’. Under that topic, the biodiversity elements can be classified as ecosystem diversity as forest known as the type of terrestrial ecosystem. Other than that, species diversity also can be found in the forest resources (Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia, 2001c). There are variety of species that live in the forest. In Geography Form 4, a specific elements of biodiversity has been discussed under theme ‘Landform and Its Resources’. The biodiversity elements refer to the marine ecosystem. In this topic, students learn about Proceedings of the International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the 183 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
Proceedings of International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals : Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016 at the Sirindhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
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