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Proceedings of International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals : Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016 at the Sirindhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand

with  various  groups,  the  implementation  of  the  concept  of  Bio-Rights,  at  least  72  ha.  of  mangroves  have  been  conserved  and  restored.  This  activity  has  included  restoration  by  planting  mangrove  trees  in  abandoned  shrimp  farms  and  diminishing  mangrove  forests,  with  conservation  of  young  seedlings  in  the  coastal  areas  of  Liled  village  by  using  the  process  of  consultation  for  the  issuance  of  measures  to  control  fishing  methods,  such  as  pushing  boats,  trawling  and  shell  dredges  boats,  to  keep  the  aforementioned  from  destroying  young  mangrove  seedlings  over  an  area  of  320  ha.  Seedlings  grew  naturally  during  1997-2006  for  a  total  area  of  432  ha  and  more  seedlings  grew  during  2006-2010  for  a  total  area  of  80  ha.  At  the  same  time,  public  sea  space  was  protected  from  occupation  of  groups  of  investors  and  influential  individuals  for  cockle  farming  over  an  area  exceeding  2,240  ha  which  will  be  beneficial  for  fishing  communities  in  Liled  village  and  nearby  sub-districts.  In  terms  of  promoting  improved  quality  of  life,  the  project  provides  small  circulating  funds  for  livelihood  promotion  to  six  community  organizations  such  as  raising  fish  in  floating baskets,  fishery  instrument  production  and  seafood  product  processing.  These  activities  generate  income  for member  communities  participating  in  the  project.  The  aforementioned  circulating  funds  will  be  repaid  to  the  Bay  Conservation  Network  in  order  to  be  further  allocated  to  promote  quality  of  life  for  other  communities.  Following  the  completion  of  the  project,  the  Province  of  Surat  Thani,  then  issued  an  order  appointing  a  Ban  Don  Bay  Coastal  Resource  Management  Committee  as  a  mechanism  for  participation  from  various  sectors  in  conserving,  restoring  and  resolving  problems  concerning  coastal  resource  management  in  the  Ban  Don  Bay  area.  I.  INTRODUCTION Ban  Don  Bay  is  situated  on  the  coast  of  the  gulf  of  Thailand  in  Surat  Thani  Province.  It  covers  approximately  145  kilometers  of  coastline  which  is  divided  among  seven  districts  (Fig.3):  Tha  Chana,  Chaiya,  Tha  Chang,  Punphin, Mueang  Surat  Thani,  Kanchanadit  and  Don  Sak.  The  west  of  Surat  Thani  is  a  high  mountain  sloping  down  toward  the  gulf  of  Thailand.  The  Tapi  River  originates  from Khao  Yai  (Nakhon  Si  Thammarat  Mountain  Range),  Thung  Yai,  Nakhon  Si  Thammarat,  and  passes  the  Chawang,  Phrasaeng,  Kiansa  districts  of  Surat  Thani  then  meeting  Phumduang  or  the  Khirirath  River,  which  originates  from  Khao  Sok  in  the  Phuket  Mountain  Range,  Punphin,  Surat  Thani,  before  flowing  into  the  Gulf  of  Thailand  at  Ban  Don  Bay.  There  are  also  numerous  canals  such  as  the  Phum  Riang,  Thakian,  Chaiya,  Huawua,  Thapoon,  Thathong,  Nui,  Kram  and  Don  Sak  canals. These  canals  and  rivers  play  an  important  part  in  carrying  sediment  into  the  coastal  areas,  thus  making  Ban  Don  Bay  a  muddy  beach  extending  1-3  kilometers  into  the  sea, with  certain  parts  becoming  a  river  delta  (Office  of  the  National  Environment  Board, Ministry  of  science,  Technology  and  Environment,  1992).  The  ecosystem  of  three  waters  (brackish  waters)  makes  the  Ban  Don  Bay  area  abundant  with  mangroves  with  certain  areas  being  sea  grass  which  is  a  significant  habitat  for  marine  life  as  well  as  an  important  fishing  site  for  the  surrounding  communities  in  the  Ban  Don  Bay  area  (Darunee  Jiamjamrassil  and  Krisada  Sutinun  2008). The  mangrove  areas  of  Ban  Don  Bay  have  changed  consistently  as  a  result  of marine animal  farming,  especially  modern  shrimp  farming  which  began  in  1995.  Although  a  lot  of  revenue  had  been  generated  for  the  country, the  loss  of  mangrove  forests  has  also  been  extensive.  Modern  shrimp  farming  without  strict  control  of  environmental measures  led  to  Proceedings  of  the  International  Conference  on  Climate  Change,  Biodiversity  and  Ecosystem  Services  for  the 227 Sustainable  Development  Goals  (SDGs):  Policy  and  Practice  27-29  June  2016,  Cha-am,  Phetchaburi,  Thailand


Proceedings of International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals : Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016 at the Sirindhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
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