Table 5 Species, stand density, stand volume and Fisher’s index of diversity in Bangtranoi (BTN) and Huaisai (HS) Watershed Forest types Tree Sapling Seeding Tree 4.4 Water resources Annual stream flow in BTN watershed was 9.69 Million Cubic Meters (MCM) (16.35% of annual rainfall) which was higher than HS watershed with only 2.63 MCM (14.32% of annual rainfall) (Table 6). In the dry season (December to April) MCM values were 1.09 and 0.30 or 11.25 and 11.41% of total f low of BTN and HS watersheds respectively. In the wet season (May to November) MCM values were 8.60 and 2.34 or 88.75 and 88.59% of total flow of BTN and HS watershed, respectively. Most of water quality parameters in wet season (August 2015) of BTN and HS watershed was higher than dry season (April 2015) while, BOD, DO, TDS, Nitrate, Phosphate, TCB, and FCB in wet season were higher than dry season in BTN watershed. Besides, TCB and FCB in both BTN and HS watershed showed higher TCB (415 and 170 MPN/100 ml) and FCB (182.5 and 130 MPN/100 ml.) respectively in wet season. This may be caused by livestock activities along the stream channel. volume However, this work found that both BTN and HS watershed water quality were in surface water quality standard value type 3 (Table 7 and Table 8). 4.5 Socio-economic features In the case of socio-economic aspects at BTN and HS watershed, it was found that the population characteristics of both study sites were similar. In addition, sanitation problems i n waste water and garbage management still occurred in some areas. For utilization of water resources, there were no problems for drinking water in terms of both quantity and quality but samples in both watersheds have often faced a water shortage for household consumption in the dry period, especially in HS watershed. With respect to understanding, there was encouraging evidence of good understanding of fundamental forest law and natural resource conservation. Respondents in BTN and HS showed moderate to low participation respectively in action activities. 262 Proceedings of the International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand Diversity index Species Density (number/ha) Species Density (number/ha) Species Density (number/ha) (cu.m./ha) Deciduous 123 368 116 563 92 1,273 38.59 22.28 Reforestation 70 296 77 437 41 1,100 37.21 18.88 Beach 35 253 34 628 16 1,082 39.47 9.77 Mangrove 5 765 2 8,000 3 36,000 79.83 0.89
Proceedings of International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals : Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016 at the Sirindhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
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