and fires. Related data were also accessed from PAG-ASA (Weather Bureau), NAMRIA for Landsatt maps and Google earth. Cascading these activities to the barangay (village) level was also made with the formation and strengthening of Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils and regular assessment of DRRM related activities. Community residents were also able to maximally use GIS materials as basis in coming up with action plans and identify anchor persons for early warning, recovery and retrieval, rehabilitation and camp management. II. RATIONALE Almost 2 billion people currently live in urban regions of the developing world. This will double over the next 30 years, at which urban dwellers will account for nearly half of the global population (Metha & Buendia, 2004). An indicator of poverty and marginalization is the expansion of slum dwelling and precarious settlement in vulnerable areas like river banks, coastal zones, low-lying and sloping zones which are susceptible to flooding and landslides. Limited access to basic services and minimal involvement in governance are signs of marginalization from local governance. With worsening environmental changes, there is a concerted effort to involve this sector through institutional mechanisms like membership in development councils and related community- based people’s organizations. A new paradigm is also developing wherein civil society involvement in governance is viewed as instrumental for sustainable and inclusive local development. III. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The Good Governance Framework has three spheres - the State, Civil Society and the Private Sector. These different spheres overlap. The greater interplay there is between spheres of governance, the greater is the interaction between the State, the private sector and civil society (Brillantes, et. al., 2004). The participatory dimension of civil society is operationalized through project functions and tasks like participation in project implementation, provision of benefits and services and in the overall direction setting of the local government unit. The Local Government Code of 1991 (Republic Act No.7160) is very strong on people’s participation. This was also reinforced in Executive order No.72, with provisions calling for the creation of multi-sectoral local planning teams that would prepare local development plans and the devolution of some of the review powers of Housing & Land Use Regulatory Board to the local government unit. Pertinent provisions in the creation of DRRM Councils down to the barangay level also support this enabling mechanism for people’s participation. IV. THE MANDAUE CITY CASE (please see Appendix 1 for Research Methodology) The process of providing avenues of participation of private sector and Civil Society can be achieved through Per formance Governance System (PGS). The Performance Governance System (PGS) was originally meant to respond to governance gaps/needs of all sectors in the local government unit. It is a framework that aids in the management of the LGU’s strategy. This was adapted for public sector institutions and incorporate it principles of good governance: fairness, transparency and accountability (ISA, 2015). Many municipal systems examine administrative performance while the present emphasis is on government processes to respond to service users and eventually their involvement in governance. Proceedings of the International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the 323 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
Proceedings of International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals : Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016 at the Sirindhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
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