absence of bands for each primer. The faint and unclear bands were not considered for data scoring. Bands with similar mobility to those detected in the negative control were not scored. The binary data so generated were used to estimate levels of polymorphism by dividing the polymorphic bands by the total number of scored bands. The following genetic parameters were calculated using a POPGENE computer program (ver. 32) developed by Yeh et. al. 9 the percentage of polymorphic loci (PP), observed number of alleles per locus (na), effective number of alleles per locus (ne), and Nei’s 10 gene diversity and (h), degree of polymorphism was quantified using Shannon’s index (I) of phenotypic diversity 11. A dendrogram (Based 12 Genetic distance, UPGMA method) was constructed by the neighbor joining (NJ) method using the NEIGHBOR program in PHYLIP version 3.57 13. AMOVA analysis The analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA, 14 were carried out on the RAPDs, to describe genetic structure and variability among the populations. The significance of F values was tested non-parametrically after 1000 permutations. III. RESULTS Morphological and phytochemical diversity among various populations of Gloriosa superba Evaluation of Gloriosa superba germplasm showed a large variation in the quantitative traits between the populations (Ta b l e 2 ) . Leaf shape o f most o f t h e populations is thin, lanceolate, acute, bright green above and pale beneath as they have length ranging from 8.20 cm in population 1 (Udaiyarpalaiyam) to 12.10 cm in population 6 (Bhavani) and width almost equal. Maximum plant height was found in population 2 (Yelagiri Hills) (132.91 cm) and minimum in population 4 (Kalrayan Hills) (42.91 cm). Among all populations the percent of fruit set. was maximum in population 3 (Pallakkodu) followed by population 5 (Nagercoil) and population 7 (Mandya). Number of flowers per cyme was found maximum in population 1 (Udaiyarpalaiyam) (15.2) followed by population 8 (Bangalore) (12.8) and minimum was in population 2. (Yelagiri Hills) (9.2). The other morphological variability ranges observed were number of branches per plant (2.30-8.02), root length (31.87 cm-13.03 cm), and root yield (18.75g/plant-7.11g/plant). Quantification of colchicines content Colchicine has shown a peak at 18.596 min retention time (Plate 1). Variation in the content of colchicine ranges from 0.192 g/100 g to 1.312 g/100 g (Table 2). Population 7 (Mandya) (1.312±0.001 g/100 g) has a maximum amount of colchicine content whereas population 2 (Yelagiri Hills) (0.192 g/100 g) has shown minimum amount of colchicine content. 62 Proceedings of the International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
Proceedings of International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for the Sustainable Development Goals : Policy and Practice 27-29 June 2016 at the Sirindhorn International Environmental Park, Cha-am, Phetchaburi, Thailand
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